|
|
TABLE 1 1998 Data for R&D Expenses
and Personnel for Selected Economies
|
|
Economies
|
Population
(million)
|
GDP
(US$
billion)
|
GERD
|
GERD
/ GDP
|
RDP
per
1,000
people
|
|
Private
(US$
million)
|
Public
(US$
million)
|
Total
(US$
million)
|
Private
(%)
|
Public
(%)
|
Total
(%)
|
|
(A) LARGE ECONOMIES |
|
Developed Economies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canada
|
30.3
|
596
|
5,985
|
3,377
|
9,362
|
1.00
|
0.57
|
1.57
|
4.42
|
|
France
|
60.4
|
1,390
|
19,157
|
11,981
|
31,138
|
1.34
|
0.90
|
2.24
|
5.50
|
|
Germany
|
82.0
|
2,154
|
33,883
|
15,884
|
49,767
|
1.57
|
0.74
|
2.31
|
5.54
|
|
Japan
|
126.5
|
4,202
|
88,093
|
34,182
|
122,275
|
2.10
|
0.81
|
2.91
|
7.09
|
|
UK
|
59.2
|
1,317
|
15,635
|
8,337
|
23,972
|
1.19
|
0.63
|
1.82
|
4.80
|
|
US
|
269.1
|
8,505
|
171,295
|
56,639
|
227,934
|
2.01
|
0.67
|
2.68
|
3.73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Developing Economies :
|
|
China
|
1,248.1
|
964
|
2,983
|
3,672
|
6,655
|
0.31
|
0.38
|
0.69
|
0.60
|
|
India
|
946.3
|
344
|
448
|
1,855
|
2,303
|
0.13
|
0.54
|
0.64
|
0.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (B) MEDIUM-SIZED ECONOMIES |
|
Finland
|
5.2
|
126
|
2,496
|
1,186
|
3,682
|
1.98
|
0.93
|
2.91
|
6.58
|
|
Hong Kong
|
6.8
|
162.3
|
178*
|
405
|
583*
|
0.11*
|
0.25
|
0.36*
|
1.5
(est.)
|
|
Israel
|
6.0
|
97
|
1,466
|
1,115
|
2,581
|
1.51
|
1.14
|
2.65
|
N/A
|
|
Singapore
|
3.9
|
83
|
918
|
571
|
1,489
|
1.11
|
0.69
|
1.80
|
3.86
|
|
Taiwan
|
21.9
|
267
|
3,330
|
1,964
|
5,294
|
1.25
|
0.73
|
1.98
|
4.66
|
|
| * includes additional private
sector data reported by CSD (2000) GERD: Gross Expenditure on Research
and Development GDP: Gross Domestic Product RDP: R&D Personnel
|
|
|
TABLE A1: Federal R&D Budget
in USA
|
Year
|
GERD (millions
of US$)
|
Defense R&D
as % of Total
|
|
Total
|
Non-defense
|
Defense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1990
|
63,781
|
23,856
|
39,925
|
62.6%
|
|
1991
|
65,898
|
26,570
|
39,328
|
59.7%
|
|
1992
|
68,398
|
28,337
|
40,061
|
58.6%
|
|
1993
|
69,884
|
28,635
|
41,249
|
59.0%
|
|
1994
|
68,331
|
30,567
|
37,764
|
55.3%
|
|
1995
|
68,791
|
31,587
|
37,204
|
54.1%
|
|
1996
|
69,049
|
31,248
|
37,801
|
54.7%
|
|
1997
|
71,653
|
32,062
|
39,591
|
55.3%
|
|
1998
|
73,569
|
33,746
|
39,823
|
54.1%
|
|
1999
|
76,886
|
36,499
|
40,387
|
52.5%
|
|
| Source: Office of Management
and Budget, USA Federal Government |
|
TABLE A2: Comparing Government Support
in Basic Research between Hong Kong & USA
(for 1999/2000)
|
Economy
|
Funding
Agency
|
Annual Budget (billions of HK$)
|
Population (million)
|
Expenditure
per capita (HK$)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hong Kong
|
RGC
|
0.47
|
6.8
|
68.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USA
|
Total (non-defense)
|
284.69
|
270
|
1054.4
|
|
|
NIH
|
138.79
|
270
|
514.0
|
|
|
NSF
|
30.40
|
270
|
112.6
|
|
| Notes:
1. Hong Kong currently has no separate
funding agency for life science. All research projects (including
life and physical sciences, engineering, humanities and social science)
are funded by RGC (Research Grants Council).
2. In USA, NIH (National Institutes of
Health) is the major funding agency for life science. NSF (National
Science Foundation) is the major funding agency for basic general
science.
3. The non-defense data are from year 1999.
All others are from 2000.
|
|
|
